A bladder catheter exchange replaces an existing urinary catheter with a new sterile catheter so urine can continue draining properly. The old catheter is gently removed after its retaining balloon is deflated, and the area is cleaned before the replacement catheter is inserted into the bladder. Once correctly positioned, a small balloon is inflated to keep it securely in place and the catheter is connected to the drainage system. Routine exchanges can help maintain catheter function and reduce problems caused by blockage, mineral buildup, leakage, or deterioration of the catheter. The recommended exchange schedule depends on the catheter type and the patient's individual needs.