Laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy is a minimally invasive procedure in which selected lymph nodes are removed from the pelvis for laboratory examination. Through several small abdominal incisions, the surgeon inserts a camera and specialized instruments to carefully identify and remove lymph nodes located near major pelvic blood vessels and organs. The procedure is commonly performed as part of the evaluation or treatment of certain urologic cancers. A pathologist examines the lymph nodes for cancer cells, providing information about whether disease has spread beyond the original organ. These findings can help determine cancer stage and guide decisions about additional surgery, radiation, systemic therapy, or surveillance.